UNDERGROUND PACKING SYSTEM

 UNDERGROUND PACKING SYSTEM

A multi-storey car park (also called a parking garage, parking structure, parking ramp, parkade, parking building, parking deck or indoor parking) is a building designed for car parking and where there are a number of floors or levels on which parking takes place. It is essentially a stacked car park
The term multistorey car park is used in the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, and many Commonwealth of Nations countries and commonly misspelled with a hyphen. In the western United States, the term parking structure is used, especially when it is necessary to distinguish such a structure from the "garage" in a house. In some places in North America, "parking garage" refers only to an indoor, often underground, structure. Outdoor, multi-level parking facilities are referred to by a number of regional terms:

• Parking garage is used, to varying degrees, throughout the U.S.; and rarely, in Canada as well, and professionally by civil engineers;
• Parking deck is used mostly in the Southern United States.
• Parking ramp is used in the upper Midwest, especially Minnesota and Wisconsin, and has been observed as far east as Rochester, New York
• Parkade is widely used in Canada and South Africa
• Parking building is used in New Zealand.

Architects and civil engineers in the USA are likely to call it a parking structure, since their work is all about structures, and that term is the vernacular in some of the western United States. When attached to a high-rise of another use, it is sometimes called a parking podium. United States building codes use the term open parking garage to refer to a structure designed for car storage that has openings along at least 40% of the perimeter, as opposed to an enclosed parking garage that requires mechanical ventilation. Natural or mechanical ventilation provides fresh air flow to disperse car exhaust in normal conditions, or hot gas and smoke in case of fire.

.DESIGN
The movement of vehicles between floors can be affected by:

• interior ramps - the most common type
• exterior ramps - which may take the form of a circular ramp (colloquially known as a 'whirley-gig' in America)
• vehicle lifts - the least common
• automated robot systems - combination of ramp and elevator

Where the car park is built on sloping land, it may be split-level or have sloped parking.
Many car parks are independent buildings dedicated exclusively to that use. The design loads for car parks are often less than the office building they serve (50 psf versus 80 psf), leading to long floor spans of 55–60 feet that permit cars to park in rows without supporting columns in between. The most common structural systems in the United States for these structures are either prestressed concrete concrete double-tee floor systems or post-tensioned cast-in-place concrete floor systems.

for the video...